Borobudur temple in the village of Borobudur Magelang Central Java Indonesia is a very magnificent temple. Until now, definitely not yet known when the temple of Borobudur was established, as well as its founder. According to Prof. Dr. Soekmono in his book "A Monument of Chandi Borobudur UNESCO Mainkind {1976}" the brief states that the writing frames carved reliefs on the temple's foot} {karmawibangga) embody a line of letters that could found on various inscriptions from the late 8th century to 9th century.
Where in the century in Central Java ruling kings of the dynasty dynasty that embraced Mahayana Buddhism.An inscription from Nine centuries under study by Prof. Dr. J. G Caspris, revealing the genealogy of the three dynastic dynasty that held successive government, King Indra, Samaratungga son, then daughter Samaratungga, Pramoda Ward. At the time the King began to build temples Samatungga ruling called Bhumi Sam - Bharabudhana, which can be interpreted as evidence of an increase in virtue, after the expiration of ten levels of Bodhisattva. Because adjustments to the Java language eventually became Borobudur. From figure Bhharabhudara Jacques Dumarcay a French architect estimated that the temple of Borobudur stands in the golden era of dynasties in 750 AD -850 Remarkable success in addition to the founding of the temple of Borobudur, also managed to run the Khmer empire in Cambodia who was a great empire. After running the Khmer royal crown prince was taken to Indonesia [Java] and after mature enough returned to Cambodia, who later became king of the title Jayawarman II in 802. Arab traders argue that success is remarkable considering the capital of the Khmer empire was in the plains far from the shoreline, so as to conquer must be through the Tonle Sap river and lake along 500 kilometers. [A Guide to Angkar Down F Rooney 1994: 25}.
Dumarcay further detailing that Borobudur was built in five phases with an approximate, more or less stage 1 Th 775, phase 2 approximately 790 {Th along with Kalasan ii Granary I Sojiwan I], stage 3 approximately 810 Th [Kalasan III along with Rentals Barn III and S III ojiwan II, Phase 4 approximately 835 Th [Gedong Songo along with group I, Sambi Sari, I Clowns, Yellow, Banon, Sari and Plaosan] (Source The Temple of Java; Jocques Dumarcay 1989).Once completed, over one hundred and fifty years, Borobudur is a magnificent pilgrimage center for Buddhists. But with the demise of the Mataram kingdom around the year 930 AD, and cultural center of power moved to East Java and Borobudur disappear into oblivion. Because of the earthquake and the eruption of Mount Merapi, the temple was dented accelerate its collapse. Meanwhile, a tropical shrub and grow over Borobudur hereinafter abad2 history disappear. In the 18th century Borobudur never mentioned in any of the chronicles of Java. Chronicle ground Jawi. Also.called in another manuscript which tells of a prince who visited the group of Yogya thousand statues at Borobudur. This is an indication that it was not building the temple and destroyed completely. But only in a short period of British rule (1811 -1816) under Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles in 1814 Borobudur temple resurrected from his
sleep.
1915 assigned HCCormelius an engineer officer to conduct an investigation. Corrmelius who got the job, then deploy about 200 residents for nearly two months. Rubble-stone ruins that meets the hallway removed and stockpiled around the temple, while the soil is dumped on the hillside hoard. However, cleaning can not be fully implemented by as many feared walls collapsed. Then Resident Kedu C.L. Hartman, ordered to clean the building at all, so it seems entirely temple. Ten years later stupas parent is caught in a state already uncovered cleaned.
IJzerman conduct an investigation in 1885 and get that behind the stone base of the temple legs anything else other temple was adorned with relief carvings. Reliefs depict mysterious Karmawibangga text which is a Buddhist text that describes the good and bad thing. Years 1890 -1891 the relief is opened entirely. Large scale restoration held in 1907's, led by Van Erp, the restoration was held for four years until tahun1911 a cost of about 100,000 guilders, from one-tenth the budget is used for shooting. Van Erp in activities such as improving drainage channels on the hill, making Canggal to direct the flow of rainwater. On the sagging floor Rupadhatu level flattened by covering sections with sagging mattress mixture sand and cement, which collapsed stones restored and some parts of the sloping and dangerous given amplifier. At level 72 Rupadhatu stupa kept unloaded reassembled after basically flattened out so well is returned to the position of the main stupa.
Then after Indonesian independence in 1963 the government of Indonesia to rescue Borobudur. 1973 restoration began with a preparatory period of restoration for 2 years, whereas stones demolition of the temple started in 1975. By mobilizing more than 500 workers and 1 million pieces of stone, these activities take 10 years, until February 23, 1983 declared the restoration of Borobudur is completed.
sleep.
1915 assigned HCCormelius an engineer officer to conduct an investigation. Corrmelius who got the job, then deploy about 200 residents for nearly two months. Rubble-stone ruins that meets the hallway removed and stockpiled around the temple, while the soil is dumped on the hillside hoard. However, cleaning can not be fully implemented by as many feared walls collapsed. Then Resident Kedu C.L. Hartman, ordered to clean the building at all, so it seems entirely temple. Ten years later stupas parent is caught in a state already uncovered cleaned.
IJzerman conduct an investigation in 1885 and get that behind the stone base of the temple legs anything else other temple was adorned with relief carvings. Reliefs depict mysterious Karmawibangga text which is a Buddhist text that describes the good and bad thing. Years 1890 -1891 the relief is opened entirely. Large scale restoration held in 1907's, led by Van Erp, the restoration was held for four years until tahun1911 a cost of about 100,000 guilders, from one-tenth the budget is used for shooting. Van Erp in activities such as improving drainage channels on the hill, making Canggal to direct the flow of rainwater. On the sagging floor Rupadhatu level flattened by covering sections with sagging mattress mixture sand and cement, which collapsed stones restored and some parts of the sloping and dangerous given amplifier. At level 72 Rupadhatu stupa kept unloaded reassembled after basically flattened out so well is returned to the position of the main stupa.
Then after Indonesian independence in 1963 the government of Indonesia to rescue Borobudur. 1973 restoration began with a preparatory period of restoration for 2 years, whereas stones demolition of the temple started in 1975. By mobilizing more than 500 workers and 1 million pieces of stone, these activities take 10 years, until February 23, 1983 declared the restoration of Borobudur is completed.
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